7.+Coke

__Coke __
flat

The following is a little information on coke and what it looks like in its many forms.

=Reaction Pathways =

There are several different pathways which lead to the formation of different forms of coke. Below figure 11 is an important table which shows the approximate temperatures at which the different structures of coke form on metal catalysts in general. These are subject to feed materials, pressure and catalyst used of course. It is clear to see the complexity of this subject and how many variables effect the type of coke produced.



=Formation Effects =

The following table shows the effects that coke has on Nickel catalysts. Note how at certain conditions the fouling does not actually effect the catalyst activity, it only contributes to the operating conditions. Again it is important to note the variability of coke and how it forms different compounds which in turn has different effects solely based on operating conditions, catalyst and feed.